The Diabetes Market Outlook To 2014: Market Dynamics, Competitive Landscape, Emerging Therapies-Aarkstore Enterprise

The US department of energy announced massive				State level analysis 84
investment the renewable industry including $60bn in				Key players 85
clean energy investments, which will include $11bn in a				Economics 87
smart grid system, $2bn in developing the next				Drivers of solar power 88
generation of energy storage batteries. An				The Federal Investment Tax Credit 88
announced move away from corn-based ethanol fuel				ARRA impact on the solar industry 89
and $1.8bn investment in the next generation of				The California Solar Initiative 89
biofuels will stimulate the vehicular fuel industry,				Increasing corporate interest in solar power 90
towards a cleaner, more efficient system. The new				Increased venture capital funding in solar power 90
administration has announced intention to develop				State level RPS targets 91
available offshore renewable energy source located				Resistors of solar power 91
on the continental shelf area. The area has vast				Shortage of silicon 91
potential and scientists estimate that 900GW of wind				High cost 92
power may be achieved.				Solar power potential and outlook 92
Although still primarily a conventional thermal based				Solar power potential 92
country, through incentivized support in renewable				Outlook for solar power 93
energy, a new energy market is beginning to evolve.				Chapter 5 Hydropower 96
Recent addition has been made to the energy mix				Summary 96
by way of renewable energy technologies which				Overview 97
include power from the wind - wind turbines, and				Current scenario 97
power from the sun - solar cells, and geothermal				Installed capacity and generation 97
– relying on the heat that can be found at				Global comparison 100
varying degrees of depth into the Earth's surface. In				State level analysis 101
the last decade newly installed renewable energy				Key players 102
technologies are starting to gain a notable share of				Economics 103
the market. This report documents the growth of				Drivers of hydropower 104
this new market, showing its current status and				Licensing reforms 104
projecting where it is likely to grow to in the				Inclusion of incremental hydropower under PTC 104
foreseeable future. This document gathers the				The DOE Hydropower Program 105
statistical data on the different types of energy				Resistors of hydropower 106
generation, combines and contrasts them against				Licensing issues due to environmental concerns 106
each other to show the clear leaders, drivers to				Newly realized environmental concerns 107
change and future growth.				Capital intensive but lacking incentives 107
Scope of this report				Hydropower potential and outlook 108
-Analysis of energy type volumes, capacity installed				Hydropower potential 108
and generation output across the US.				Outlook for hydropower 109
-Market projections to 2020, including an evaluation of				Chapter 6 Geothermal power 112
energy type and national growth potential.				Summary 112
-Overview of trends impacting on and shaping				Overview 113
innovation in the energy market.				Current scenario 113
-New renewable energy technology analysis including				Installed capacity and generation 113
innovation, capacity investment.				Global comparison 115
-Insight relating to the most innovative product				State level analysis 115
launches and potential areas of opportunity for				Key players 117
manufacturers.				Economics 118
-Examination of the key technology introductions and				Drivers of geothermal power 119
innovations				Introduction of PTC for geothermal 119
-Identification of the key trends shaping the market,				Other financial merits for geothermal 120
as well as an evaluation of emerging trends that will				DOE's Geothermal Technologies Program 120
drive innovation moving forward.				Increased environmental concerns 121
Reasons to purchase this report				Resistors of geothermal power 121
-Achieve a quick and comprehensive understanding of				Short time horizon for PTC 121
how US market trends and legislation are influencing				Leasing issues 122
the development of the renewable energy market.				Cost constraints and transmission issues 122
-Realize up to date competitive intelligence through a				Limited research funding 123
comprehensive review of the US market renewable				Geothermal power potential and outlook 124
energy market between 1990 and 2008.				Geothermal power potential 124
-Assess the emerging trends in renewable energy				Outlook for geothermal power 129
technology – wind, solar, geothermal,				Chapter 7 Biomass 132
hydroelectric, biomass, tidal, wave - capacity and				Summary 132
generation.				Overview 133
-Identify which key trends will offer the greatest				Current scenario 133
growth potential and learn which trends are likely to				Installed capacity and generation 133
remain niche over the next 10 years.				Global comparison 135
-Compare how manufacturers are positioning new				Key players 135
product developments to gain market share and				Economics 136
achieve the highest sales potential.				Drivers of biomass 138
-Quantify value and volume growth potential in major				Attractive economics of co-firing 138
regional markets and in energy generation technology				Environmentally friendly power generation 138
type.				Employment generation 139
-Identify winning product positioning developed from				DOE biomass program 139
an assessment of current and emerging trends				PTC extension and ITC inclusion 140
Key market issues addressed				Resistors of biomass 140
Environmental regulations: Imminent environmental				Cost constraints 140
targets set to control Carbon dioxide emissions in the				Constraints in the supply of raw material 141
US using a cap and trade mechanism are creating a				Biomass potential and outlook 141
path for lower carbon emitting power generation				Biomass potential 141
technologies. Recent capacity investment has				Outlook for biomass 143
focused on wind turbines, gas and solar photovoltaic				Chapter 8 Ocean power 146
installations.				Summary 146
Renewable Electricity market incentives: The US is				Overview 147
has in place state level Renewable energy Production				Current scenario 147
Standards and the Production Tax Credit which				Global comparison 149
promote the development of renewable energy				Key players 150
projects across the country, and are responsible for				Economics 151
robust incentivized growth.				Drivers of ocean power 152
Energy efficiency:- The current electrical				Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 152
infrastructure experiences substantial energy loss				State and city government initiatives 152
from generation to transmission to load delivery. A				Private investments 153
more efficient system is required, a network that				Resistors of ocean power 153
can take advantage of the intermittent supply nature				Lack of federal support 153
of wind and solar – and balance these with the				Siting and leasing issues 154
more constant and reliable conventional thermal				Cost constraints 154
generation, geothermal, hydroelectric and nuclear				Ocean power potential and outlook 155
power. Recent US policy has awarded investment				Ocean power potential 155
into an intelligent grid system. The US has also				Outlook for ocean power 156
announced energy efficiency measures to include				Chapter 9 Future outlook 158
appliances, vehicles and power plants.				Summary 158
Energy security:- Oil, coal and gas supply and pricing				Outlook for the US electricity sector 159
structures are volatile and uncontrollable, due to the				Outlook for renewables 162
majority imported from non-US countries. This				The American Clean Energy and Security Act 165
volatility is likely to increase as reserves of the				EIA outlook 166
natural resources decline.				Alternative scenarios 169
Centralized network to distributed:- the changeover				Abbreviations 171
to renewable technologies is a changeover to a				Index 173
distributed energy system, as renewable energy				List of Figures
technologies take advantage of natural resources				Figure 1.1: US net generation share by energy source
such as wind, solar or thermal energy which are more				(Thousand MWh), 2008 23
concentrated in specific geographical locations.				Figure 1.2: US electrical total net summer capacity
Key findings from this report				(GW), 2007 24
In terms of new capacity installed during 2008, the				Figure 1.3: US net energy generation shares by sector
US was the largest market with 8,346.0MW, followed				(Thousand MWh), 2008 25
by China (6,300.0MW), then India (1,800.0MW), then				Figure 1.4: Crude oil spot prices ($ per barrel),
Germany (1,665.0MW), then Spain (1,609.0 MW), and				1986-2009 27
Italy (1,010.0 MW).				Figure 1.5: US net generation by energy source
Out of the 5,568MW of global capacity which was				(Thousand KWh), 2008 28
installed during 2008, Spain grid-connect PV market				Figure 1.6: US electrical generation growth by type
accounted for 45.1%, Germany accounted for 26.9%				(%), 2003-2007 29
and US accounted for 6.1%.				Figure 2.7: US primary energy consumption by source
Hydropower accounts for approximately 5.8% of				and sector (Quadrillion Btu), 2007 46
world electricity supply. In 2008, the total world's				Figure 2.8: The Continental Shelf 49
hydroelectricity consumption was 3,170.9TWH. The				Figure 2.9: US renewable energy regional planning
US ranked fourth with a consumption of 250.6TWH in				areas on the Outer Continental Shelf 50
2008.the US is the world leader in geothermal energy				Figure 2.10: Total US energy (Quadrillion Btu), 2008 56
and, at the end of 2008, had cumulative installed				Figure 3.11: US cumulative installed wind capacity
capacity of 3,040.3MW.				(MW), 2008 64
In 2008, the total generation of electricity in the US				Figure 3.12: Top 10 countries by cumulative installed
was 4,110bn KWH. Generation of electricity in the US				wind capacity (MW), 2008 65
is dominated by coal. During 2008, 48.5% of the total				Figure 3.13: Top 10 countries by new installed capacity
US electric power was generated at coal-fired plants.				(MW), 2008 66
Natural gas-fired plants contributed 21.3% to the total				Figure 3.14: Leading US states by cumulative wind
US electricity generation followed by nuclear plants				capacity (MW), 2008 66
with 19.6%.				Figure 3.15: Average cost/KWh of wind-generated
Key questions answered by this report				electricity (US cents), 1980-2020 70
What are the drivers shaping and influencing new				Figure 3.16: Impact of PTC on wind power capacity
capacity installed in the energy industry?				additions (MW), 2009 74
How will renewable energy technologies capacity				Figure 3.17: Wind resource map for the US 76
share perform to 2020? What are the opportunities?				Figure 4.18: US cumulative installed solar PV capacity
What are the forecast market growth rates				(MW), 2008 82
2008-2030? Which markets will see the highest value				Figure 4.19: Top 5 countries by cumulative installed
growth and which the highest volume growth?				solar capacity (MW), 2008 83
Which states and regions offer the greatest				Figure 4.20: Key markets by new installed solar
opportunity for growth?				capacity (%), 2008 84
Which renewable energy technology types will be the				Figure 4.21: US solar PV market (MW), 2008 85
winners and which the losers in terms of volume				Figure 4.22: Solar PV manufacturers' market shares in
growth to 2030?				US (%), 2008 86
Which energy types are likely to find favor with				Figure 4.23: Technology cost reduction goals for
manufacturers moving forward?				residential PV systems ($/Wp), 2008 88
Which emerging technologies are gaining in popularity				Figure 4.24: Solar resource map for the US 93
and why?				Figure 4.25: Forecasts for installed capacity and costs
				94
				Figure 5.26: US cumulative installed hydropower
Table of Contents :				capacity (GW), 2007 98
Table of Contents				Figure 5.27: US power generation from hydroelectric
Green Energy in the US				power (TWh), 2007 99
Executive summary xii				Figure 5.28: US total average electric power from
Market development xii				hydroelectric plants (%) 99
The Obama effect xiii				Figure 5.29: Top 5 countries by hydroelectric power
Wind power xiv				consumption (TWh), 2008 100
Solar power xv				Figure 5.30: Leading US states by cumulative capacity
Hydropower xvi				(Thousand MWh), 2009 101
Geothermal power xvii				Figure 5.31: Ownership of hydroelectric plants in the
Biomass xviii				US (MW), 2006 102
Ocean power xix				Figure 5.32: US DOE Hydropower Program 105
Future outlook xx				Figure 5.33: Feasible project US hydropower potential
Chapter 1 Market development 22				(MW) 109
Summary 22				Figure 5.34: US generation, hydropower vs. other
Overview of US electricity infrastructure 23				renewables (TWh), 1990-2030 110
Generation and installed capacity 23				Figure 6.35: US cumulative installed summer capacity
Sectoral distribution of generation 25				(MW), 2008 114
Sales, revenue, and average retail price 25				Figure 6.36: Top 5 countries by cumulative installed
Overview of renewable energy in the US 26				capacity (MW), 2009 115
Background 26				Figure 6.37: Leading US states by cumulative capacity
Installed capacity and growth of renewables 27				(MW), 2008 116
Drivers of renewable energy 29				Figure 6.38: US geothermal existing plant locations 117
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009				Figure 6.39: Geothermal resource map for the US 124
29				Figure 6.40: US Geothermal potential capacity by 2025
The production tax credit (PTC) 30				(MW) 126
State level Renewable energy Portfolio Standards				Figure 6.41: Estimated earth temperature at 6.5 km
(RPS) 31				depth in the US 127
Growing public support for action on climate change				Figure 7.42: US cumulative installed capacity (MW) and
32				Net generation (Thousand KWh), 2007 134
Increasing investments 33				Figure 7.43: US biomass net electricity generation
Resistors of renewable energy 33				(Thousand KWh), 2007 135
Failure to price CO2 emissions 33				Figure 7.44: Biomass gasification combined-cycle
Licensing and permitting issues 34				electricity costs (cents/ KWh), 2000-2020 137
Environmental issues 34				Figure 7.45: US biomass capacity projections,
Discontinuity in PTC 35				2000-2020 142
Transmission issues 36				Figure 7.46: Biomass resources in the US 143
Comparative economics 36				Figure 8.47: Ocean energy resource map for the US
Global comparison 38				156
Chapter 2 The Obama effect 42				Figure 9.48: US electricity sales by sector (bn KWh),
Summary 42				1980-2030 159
Overview 42				Figure 9.49: US net generation by energy source (%),
New energy policy 42				2008-2030 161
Energy security 44				Figure 9.50: US reference case scenario capacity
Crude oil and petroleum imports 45				outlook to 2030 (GW) 167
Natural gas imports 45				Figure 9.51: US reference case scenario outlook to
Coal 46				2030 (bn KWh) 169
Biofuel's new direction away from corn-based ethanol				List of Tables
47				Table 1.1: US state Renewable energy Portfolio
The Outer Continental Shelf Project 49				Standards (RPS) 31
The Outer Continental Shelf 49				Table 1.2: Comparison of capital cost estimates ($
Resource potential 50				KW), 2003 and 2007 37
The effect of the new policy 52				Table 1.3: Levelized cost of generation by type ($
Energy efficiency 52				MWh), California 2007 38
US market impact 53				Table 1.4: Global comparison of cumulative installed
Growth in green energy 55				renewable and alternative energy capacity, 2009 39
Total energy 55				Table 2.5: Non renewable resources depletion, 2009
Electricity 56				44
Obama's winners and losers 58				Table 2.6: Largest US state annual wind power
Chapter 3 Wind power 62				increases (MW), 2008 57
Summary 62				Table 2.7: Largest US state cumulative wind power
Overview 63				(MW), 2008 58
Current scenario 63				Table 3.8: Largest wind farms operating in the US
Installed capacity and generation 64				(MW), 2008 67
Global comparison 65				Table 3.9: Turbine manufacturer share in the US by
State level analysis 66				capacity (MW), 2008 68
Key players 68				Table 3.10: Top 20 US states for wind energy
The economics of wind power 69				potential in the US (billion KWh) 77
Drivers of wind power 70				Table 5.11: Largest hydroelectricity dams in the US
Continuity in PTC 70				(MW), 2008 101
Strong public and political support 71				Table 5.12: Costs parameters of hydro technologies
Increasing economic competitiveness of wind power				103
72				Table 5.13: Site development costs of hydro
Resistors of wind power 73				technologies 103
Lack of continuity in the PTC 73				Table 6.14: Largest geothermal projects operating in
Environmental issues 74				the US 116
Transmission constraints and costs 75				Table 6.15: Cost parameters of a geothermal power
Wind power potential and outlook 76				plant (Cost $/KW), 2008 118
Wind power potential 76				Table 6.16: Top 10 states for geothermal energy
Outlook for wind power 77				potential in the US 128
Chapter 4 Solar power 80				Table 6.17: US new geothermal project summary,
Summary 80				2009 128
Overview 81				Table 8.18: Largest US projects in progress for wave
Current scenario 82				and tidal energy (MW), 2009 148
Installed capacity and generation 82				Table 8.
Global comparison 83

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The Diabetes Market Outlook To 2014: Market Dynamics, Competitive Landscape, Emerging Therapies-Aarkstore Enterprise

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