What is Solar Power and How Does it Work? A Step-By-Step Guide - Part 4

In Part 3 of this series, covering solar power andconnected. The panel contains labeled breakers for
how it works, we began our discussion of theevery electrical circuit routed throughout the building,
grid-tied system with battery backup, covering theand these breakers are used to disconnect the
components from the PV panels to the battery bankelectricity for any servicing that may need to be
and associated items. Here, we'll complete ourdone, and to also prevent electrical fires by
discussion of this particular type of solar powerdisconnecting a circuit should it become overloaded.
system and describe the remaining components.In the same way that a building's electrical wiring
Grid-tied - A Definition We've defined this previously,must be routed through an AC breaker panel, the
but, in case you missed it, in brief, the solar powerelectrical output from an inverter must likewise be
system produces electrical power which is passed tocontrolled by an AC circuit breaker, also known as an
the utility grid, and then, when needed, from the gridAC disconnect. This is also used to disconnect the
back into the home, hence, grid-tied, also calledinverter for servicing purposes, and to prevent the
grid-intertied.circuit from being overloaded.
Components From The Battery To The Utility Grid4. Kilowatt Hour Meter
1. DC DisconnectA bi-directional kilowatt hour meter is exactly what
This is required in a system with a battery backup toyou need if you have a grid-tied solar power system
allow the inverter to be disconnected from thebecause it provides you with information about how
battery for service or in case of an emergency, andmuch electricity you are pulling from the grid and how
protects the wiring from electrical fires.much electricity you're pumping back into the grid
2. Invertercourtesy of your solar power system. Most utility
Since the power produced by the solar panels is DCcompanies will provide these free of charge.
(Direct Current) and since most homes use ACThis is by far the most complex and most expensive
(Alternating Current) to power household appliances,of the various configurations possible for solar power
there has to be a way to convert DC into AC - takesystems. The advantage to this type of system,
a bow, the hard-working, greatly appreciated inverter.however, is that it gives the household almost
3. AC Breaker Panel/Inverter AC Disconnectcomplete energy independence, since the battery is
The AC breaker panel is where a building's electricalavailable to provide power in case of an outage on
wiring and the supplier of the building's electricity,the grid.
whether that's the grid or a solar power system, are