Small Is Efficient In The Electricity Sector

A similar picture is emerging in the market structureone might argue that power which has been gained in
of UK business electricity retailers as witnessed withinsuch a way reduces the drive or even the necessity
the supermarket sector especially between theto compete to win.
competitive practices being undertaken.Evidence suggests that in the 90% or so of the
Just like supermarket chains, business electricity retailbusiness that don't switch year on year price
is dominated by a few major players who sharepatterns for each supplier are extremely similar. One
some 96% of the total market. However, rathermajor player makes a marginal price move and the
than compete head-on for market share, theyothers simply follow over time.
appear only compete for a small percentage ofThe argument which supports the view that
customers at the peripherals.supermarkets actually create competition and push
They attract these new customers from each otherprices down by their huge economies of scale and
by offering competitive 'new customer only'purchasing power is also one which is somewhat lost
introductory rates, quickly reverting to standard ratesin the electricity arena. Many would view the big six
(and sometimes more), when contracts roll-overas inefficient legacies of the old system who are
after the first year or so. These practices are notprotected from real competition by the extremely
dissimilar to the loss-leaders used by supermarkets totough barriers of entry.
attract customers into the store where they areIndeed, some of those smaller suppliers who have
likely to spend much more on non-discounted goods.managed to scale these barriers have been able to
Although showing very similar market structures now,demonstrate far more efficiencies aided by intelligent
these sectors got to this position in very differentinvestment in technology. Unlike the supermarkets,
ways. The grocery sector was originally fragmentedthere are no real efficiencies related to scale as most
with no major players really dominating until theelectricity retailers must turn to the same wholesale
emergence of supermarket chains. Whereas,market for their supply. Some can cushion any
electricity was monopolised by regional suppliers andmarket turmoil by relying on their up-stream activities
de-regulation simply served to reduce the number ofwhen the retail market gets tough - a luxury which is
suppliers still further, encouraging competition onlysimply not an option for the smaller supplier.
amongst each other nationwide.But businesses needn't switch to the smaller supplier
On one hand we have a market which wasout of sympathy nor from fear of what might lie
previously competitive with many suppliers that havearound the corner should the major players succeed
been squeezed by ever-increasing concentration. Soin driving them out completely. They should switch
much so that the top three supermarket chains nowsimply because they are now able to get a much
have over 50% of the total market, with the marketbetter deal and a deal with longevity. The smaller
leader alone claiming 30%. On the other hand yousupplier with a plan to mimic the big six in order to
have a market where efforts to expand the numberattract new customers would be committing
of suppliers have been stifled by the barriers to entrycommercial suicide. What would be the point of
and the sheer power of the incumbent suppliers.fighting so hard to win new business and then letting
The jury is out on the positive or negative effectsit slip away at renewal?
of supermarket dominance, however, whatever theBusinesses can save significant amounts of money by
rights or wrongs of where we are now, no one canswitching to the smaller independent supplier now and
deny that those who now dominate have arrived atcan relax in the knowledge that they will continue to
their position through their own efforts and ingenuity.save money and receive an exemplary service into
But electricity is a different matter. Power has beenthe bargain. Only then will the big players be forced
bestowed upon the 'big six' major suppliers such asto sit up and take note and who knows, we might
British Gas, Powergen and Npower to name a few,just see the emergence of a truly competitive
irrespective of who actually owns them today. Andelectricity sector in the future.